The World Health Organization estimates that 1 in 8 people are living with mental disorders. In Vietnam, about 15% of people suffer from 10 common mental disorders, equivalent to nearly 15 million people.
Experts said that mental disorders are a very common problem among non-communicable diseases. This disease is on the rise and is the cause of many other health problems. The Covid-19 pandemic has triggered a global mental health crisis, exacerbating short- and long-term stress, and destroying the mental health of millions of people.In Vietnam, a study conducted a few years ago showed that nearly 15% of people suffer from 10 common mental disorders, equivalent to nearly 15 million people.
Notably, the majority of people think that psychosis is only schizophrenia. In fact, the rate of schizophrenia accounts for nearly 0.5% of the population; Depression and anxiety account for a high percentage (up to 5.4% of the population), the rest are other mental disorders such as epilepsy (0.33%), mental retardation (0.63%), senile dementia (0.88%), behavioral disorders in adolescents (0.9%), abuse of alcohol (5.3%,) abuse of drugs (0.3%).
According to experts, anyone can suffer from mental disorder, at least at some stage or point in their life. Dr. Luong Ngoc Khue – Director of the Department of Medical Examination and Treatment Administration (Ministry of Health) – said that in Vietnam, mainly psychiatric wards of in central and provincial hospitals provide mental health care services. There are 43 mental hospitals or psychiatric wards in the country.
The main treatment method is medication. Psychotherapy and non-pharmacological measures have not been fully developed. According to Dr. Khue, there is a great need to develop a mental health care system, especially integrating mental health care into general and specialized health facilities. The health sector is also focusing on psychotherapy and other non-drug solutions.
Moreover, clinical psychology services are not officially covered by health insurance.This was the message delivered at a conference on strengthening the capacity of the mental healthcare system in the period of 2023-30, which was organised last week by the Department of Medical Service Administration (DMSA).
Cao Hung Thai, deputy director of the DMSA, said that Vietnam was facing a double-edge problem related to diseases.
Vietnam is feeling impacts due to a gradually ageing population and a high proportion of people with neural disabilities, as well as the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. But compared to other industries, mental health receives less attention. A survey last year by DMSA showed that 61.3%, or 398 out of 649, of district hospitals organized outpatient medical examinations and treatment for mentally ill patients. However, only 9.1%, equivalent to 59 out of 649, of district-level hospitals organized inpatient medical examinations and treatments for mentally ill patients.
This result showed a big gap in mental disorder treatment. Mental health services in Vietnam are mainly drug treatments. Mental rehabilitation services are very limited, and there are no formal mental health services for people affected by natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, and epidemics including the COVID-19 pandemic.
Like many countries in the world, Vietnam is facing an increasing number of mental disorders. According to a report by the National Psychiatric Hospital No 1, the rate of 10 common mental disorders in 2014 was 14.2%, of which depressive disorders accounted for 2.45%.
The suicide rate in 2015 was 5.87 per 100,000 people.
The HCM City Paediatrics Hospital said that 8 to 20% of Vietnamese children and adolescents have common mental health problems.
Research on other special groups in 2017 also showed that the rate of depression during pregnancy is five% and postpartum depression is 8.2%.
The rate of depression in lung cancer patients was 24.6%.
Besides, the country holds misperceptions and social stigmas towards people with mental illnesses.
Most people consider psychosis to be schizophrenia without knowing that psychosis has many other forms such as depression, anxiety and alcohol-related psychosis.
The stigmatisation of patients with mental illnesses and disorders has led to refusing diagnoses and led to delays in treatment.
Most people do not receive mental health care.
Mental health services are mainly available at central and provincial hospitals only.
At the district and commune levels, they mainly just treat schizophrenia and epilepsy. A survey of the National Psychiatric Hospital No 1 showed that these two diseases only account for about 0.5% of the population and the total number of mental disorders.
Mental disorders affect 14.2% of the population.
It is estimated that 0.5% of other mental disorders are treated in specialised hospitals, so over 90% of people with mental disorders have not received formal services.
During the conference, experts discussed the project’s objectives such as strengthening leadership and coordination between ministries and authorities at all levels in mental health care.
They also discussed preventing mental disorders, management, rehabilitation and social support for people with illnesses and disorders.
The discussion included strengthening the mental health system to provide comprehensive and community-based health and social services./. VNA
